Linear Urban Forests: Reimagining American Streets as Native Forests

In the United States, a bold idea is transforming how cities think of streets. The Linear Urban Forest project, funded by the Harvard Climate Change Solutions Fund (2021–2024) and led by Martha Schwartz, a renowned American landscape architect and environmental champion, reimagines entire roadways as dense, native forests. Afforestt joined as afforestation consultants, conducting field surveys across New England and translating ecological data into street-ready forest creation palettes. This is how roads become forests—and cities breathe again. Together, we are demonstrating how streets can evolve into living forests and future-ready urban infrastructure.

Category

Future Cities

Ecology and Flora

Forests of New England, Northeastern US

Location

Springfield, Massachusetts

Highlights

Redesigning streets as Forests

Urban roadways transformed into linear forests that connect biodiversity, capture stormwater, and create cooler, healthier city streets.

Scientific Foundation

Afforestt surveyed five reference forests across New England, translating analogue ecological data into practical, street-ready planting palettes.

Plant Communities

Developed replicable plant-community groups and a unique native species palette suited to urban conditions and regional ecology.

Global Collaboration

Worked with a global team of experts to merge afforestation science with visionary city planning.

Future Cities

Forests as infrastructure—cooling cities, absorbing stormwater and creating healthier, more resilient urban ecologies.

Impact

Forests as essential Urban Infrastructure

American cities are confronting rising heat, stormwater flooding, excess waste space and biodiversity loss. The Linear Urban Forest project proposes a visionary response: reclaiming roadways as dense, native forests. Afforestt helped bring this vision to life. The project positions forests not as ornamental greening, but as core infrastructure for the future of cities.
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Afforestt’s Groundwork

Our role began not in the studio but in the forests. We traveled across New England—surveying Blunt Park, White Cedar Bog, Mount Toby, Bear Hole Reservoir, and Forest Park. At each site, we recorded 15×15 meter relevés, capturing every plant layer from canopy to groundcover. This field data was then scaled, analyzed, and transformed into planting palettes. We provided the operational backbone: species schedules, planting densities, species phytosociology, phased groundcover plans, and design guidelines that made the vision practical and implementable.
Translating Nature into Numbers

From natural patterns, we distilled 11 plant-community groups and identified a working palette of ~70 species. Each was matched with street typologies, soil conditions, and microclimates. We calculated densities of 2–3 saplings per square meter. We combined ecological needs with logistical requirements of procurement and planting. This rigorous translation of natural systems into quantifiable design frameworks ensured the project remained scientifically grounded while scalable across American cities.
A Collaboration of Disciplines

The project drew global minds: researchers, ecologists, designers and local partners committed to ecological restoration and rejuvenation. Afforestt’s contribution was to ensure the forests within this design were not ornamental, but alive—self-sustaining, native, and ecologically authentic. By merging our afforestation science with landscape architecture, stormwater design, and mobility planning, the Linear Urban Forest became more than an idea; it became a replicable model for reimagining urban infrastructure.
A Future of Urban Forests

The impact of this project extends beyond Springfield or Massachusetts. It signals a paradigm shift—forests as essential urban infrastructure. In time, as electric vehicles reshape transport and cities reclaim land from unused roadways, these linear forests will cool streets, filter water, and provide a sanctuary for biodiversity. For Afforestt, this project reaffirms our mission: to build forests everywhere, from riverbanks in India to the coasts of Tunisia, and now, to the streets of American cities. The future of cities is forests.

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